Go interface

package main

import (
	"fmt"
)

type animal interface {
	Say() string
	Color() string
}

type Cat struct{}

func (c Cat) Say() string {
	return "i am a cat"
}

func (c Cat) Color() string {
	return "i am black"
}

type Dog struct{}

func (d Dog) Say() string {
	return "i am a dog"
}

func (d Dog) Color() string {
	return "i am white"
}

type Car struct{}

func introduceSelf(input animal) {
	fmt.Println(input.Say() + " and " + input.Color())
}

func main() {
	c := Cat{}
	d := Dog{}
	introduceSelf(c)
	introduceSelf(d)

	// car 没有实现 animal 接口
	//car := Car{}
	//introduceSelf(car)
}

// A Context carries a deadline, a cancellation signal, and other values across
// API boundaries.
//
// Context's methods may be called by multiple goroutines simultaneously.
type Context interface {
// Deadline returns the time when work done on behalf of this context
// should be canceled. Deadline returns ok==false when no deadline is
// set. Successive calls to Deadline return the same results.
Deadline() (deadline time.Time, ok bool)

// Done returns a channel that's closed when work done on behalf of this
// context should be canceled. Done may return nil if this context can
// never be canceled. Successive calls to Done return the same value.
// The close of the Done channel may happen asynchronously,
// after the cancel function returns.
//
// WithCancel arranges for Done to be closed when cancel is called;
// WithDeadline arranges for Done to be closed when the deadline
// expires; WithTimeout arranges for Done to be closed when the timeout
// elapses.
//
// Done is provided for use in select statements:
//
//  // Stream generates values with DoSomething and sends them to out
//  // until DoSomething returns an error or ctx.Done is closed.
//  func Stream(ctx context.Context, out chan<- Value) error {
//  	for {
//  		v, err := DoSomething(ctx)
//  		if err != nil {
//  			return err
//  		}
//  		select {
//  		case <-ctx.Done():
//  			return ctx.Err()
//  		case out <- v:
//  		}
//  	}
//  }
//
// See https://blog.golang.org/pipelines for more examples of how to use
// a Done channel for cancellation.
Done() <-chan struct{}

// If Done is not yet closed, Err returns nil.
// If Done is closed, Err returns a non-nil error explaining why:
// Canceled if the context was canceled
// or DeadlineExceeded if the context's deadline passed.
// After Err returns a non-nil error, successive calls to Err return the same error.
Err() error

// Value returns the value associated with this context for key, or nil
// if no value is associated with key. Successive calls to Value with
// the same key returns the same result.
//
// Use context values only for request-scoped data that transits
// processes and API boundaries, not for passing optional parameters to
// functions.
//
// A key identifies a specific value in a Context. Functions that wish
// to store values in Context typically allocate a key in a global
// variable then use that key as the argument to context.WithValue and
// Context.Value. A key can be any type that supports equality;
// packages should define keys as an unexported type to avoid
// collisions.
//
// Packages that define a Context key should provide type-safe accessors
// for the values stored using that key:
//
// 	// Package user defines a User type that's stored in Contexts.
// 	package user
//
// 	import "context"
//
// 	// User is the type of value stored in the Contexts.
// 	type User struct {...}
//
// 	// key is an unexported type for keys defined in this package.
// 	// This prevents collisions with keys defined in other packages.
// 	type key int
//
// 	// userKey is the key for user.User values in Contexts. It is
// 	// unexported; clients use user.NewContext and user.FromContext
// 	// instead of using this key directly.
// 	var userKey key
//
// 	// NewContext returns a new Context that carries value u.
// 	func NewContext(ctx context.Context, u *User) context.Context {
// 		return context.WithValue(ctx, userKey, u)
// 	}
//
// 	// FromContext returns the User value stored in ctx, if any.
// 	func FromContext(ctx context.Context) (*User, bool) {
// 		u, ok := ctx.Value(userKey).(*User)
// 		return u, ok
// 	}
Value(key interface{}) interface{}
}

package main

type Cache interface {
	GetValue(key string) string
}

// 假设这是redis客户端
type Redis struct {
}

func (r Redis) GetValue(key string) string {
	panic("not implement")
}

// 假设这是自定义的一个缓存器
type MemoryCache struct {
}

func (m MemoryCache) GetValue(key string) string {
	panic("not implement")
}

// 通过接口实现：检查用户是否有权限的功能
func AuthExpire(token string, cache Cache) bool {
	res := cache.GetValue(token)
	if res == "" {
		return false
	} else {
		// 正常处理
		return true
	}
}

func main() {
	token := "test"

	cache := Redis{} //	cache := MemoryCache{},修改这一句即可
	AuthExpire(token, cache)
}

var _ Person = (*Student)(nil)

package main

import "fmt"

type Student struct {
	name string
	age  int
}

type Person interface {
	getName() string
}

func (stu *Student) getName() string {
	return stu.name
}

func (stu *Student) getAge() int {
	return stu.age
}

func main() {
	var s *Student = &Student{
		name: "narcissus",
		age:  20,
	}
	var p Person = &Student{
		name: "Tom",
		age:  18,
	}

	stu := p.(*Student) // 接口转为实例
	fmt.Println(stu.getName(), "---", stu.getAge())

	var pp Person = (*Student)(s) // 实例转为接口
	// var _ Person = s           // 实例转为接口
	fmt.Println(pp.getName()) // 这里不能调用 pp.getAge() 因为 Person 接口中没有 getAge() 方法
}

		rw, err := l.Accept()
		if err != nil {
			select {
			case <-srv.getDoneChan():
				return ErrServerClosed
			default:
			}
			if ne, ok := err.(net.Error); ok && ne.Temporary() {
				if tempDelay == 0 {
					tempDelay = 5 * time.Millisecond
				} else {
					tempDelay *= 2
				}
				if max := 1 * time.Second; tempDelay > max {
					tempDelay = max
				}
				srv.logf("http: Accept error: %v; retrying in %v", err, tempDelay)
				time.Sleep(tempDelay)
				continue
			}
			return err
		}

// An Error represents a network error.
type Error interface {
	error
	Timeout() bool   // Is the error a timeout?
	Temporary() bool // Is the error temporary?
}

package main

import "fmt"

type MyError interface {
	Msg() string
}

type myErrorStruct struct {
	errMsg string
}

func (e *myErrorStruct) Msg() string {
	return e.errMsg
}

func myNew(msg string) MyError {
	return &myErrorStruct{errMsg: msg}
}

func main() {
	err1 := fmt.Errorf("error")
	e1, ok1 := err1.(MyError)
	fmt.Println("e1 = ", e1, "ok1 = ", ok1)

	err2 := myNew("我是一个错误")
	e2, ok2 := err2.(MyError)
	fmt.Printf("e2 = %#v ,,ok2: %t", e2, ok2)

}